Leica has often been
criticized for not having paid enough attention to digital photography, that a
few years ago they fell hopelessly behind their competition. Yet in all this criticism one fact is getting
lost these days, the fact that already in 1996 Leica introduced a high
resolution digital camera, the Leica S1.
We must remember that this
was at a time when 2 to 3MP digital cameras that took pictures of questionable
quality were the norm, the days when film photography was still way ahead of
digital and when the Leica M6 was the best 35mm film camera that money could
buy. In view of this, it is all the more
amazing that the Leica S1 offered a resolution of 26 megapixels, something that
even by today’s standards is very high.
How could this be
possible? At that time, resolution
levels of this magnitude could only be achieved with so called scanning
backs. Instead of taking the entire
image instantly, as is the norm today, the Leica S1 (as well as other, similar
digital cameras at the time) scanned the image line by line. Unfortunately this resulted in exposure times
of about 185 seconds. Subsequently the
camera was only useful for stationary objects.
The camera was designed to
capture square 36 x 36mm images using 35mm lenses. Though designed for use with
Leica R-series lenses, Leica also offered lens mounts for Nikon, Contax, Canon
FD, and Minolta lenses as well as for medium-format optics from Hasselblad and
the Pentax 6x7. There was also a Novoflex adapter that allowed the use of
large-format lenses from Rodenstock & Schneider, and a tilt-shift adapter
for use with Hasselblad lenses.
Leica S1 with Leica R
mount
The S1 could also be
coupled to the rear of a view camera to take advantage of tilt, swing, and
shift movements which further increased the overall versatility of the camera.
The ISO setting for the S1
was ISO 50, the D-max about 3.3, and the image files contained a dynamic range
of 11 stops of latitude. At 300 dpi you could produce incredibly sharp 17 x
17" prints without having to interpolate the image, which in 1996 was
almost unheard of.
Leica S1 Side View
Leica S1 Viewfinder
Included with the Leica S1
was a 55mm IRa filter, LaserSoft High Software, a PCI card (PC or Mac), and a
20' cable. As for system requirements, the S1 ran off of PowerMacs (7.55 or
higher), or Pentium PCs (Windows 95 or higher) with a minimum of 256MB of RAM,
a hard drive of at least 1GB, and Photoshop 3.05 or higher.
All that could be had for
the price of $21,500. Needless to say,
the camera did not set any sales records.
It was mostly sold to museums and research institutions. But it is interesting to think that this
level of performance was not available from Leica until the introduction of the
Leica S2 in 2008.
Considering the
shortcomings in terms of short exposure capabilities, the question is if
scanning backs are still a viable choice in these days of digital instant
capture systems with up to 100 megapixels.
The answer is ‘yes’. When it
comes to optimum resolution, and when instant capture is not necessary,
scanning backs still offer the highest resolution.
Here too we can look to
Leica or to their latest acquisition, Sinar of Switzerland. Among the many items offered by them is the Sinarback
eXact with a maximum resolution of 192 megapixels. With the eXact Sinar uses a different
approach to common scanning backs. It
can be used as an instant capture back with a resolution of 48 megapixels. But
it can also simulate a scanning back by taking 4 separate exposures in RGB and
black for an effective total resolution of 192 megapixels and the color
accuracy of a scanning back.
With The Sinar eXact back and the rest of the digital cameras offered by Leica, they by far offer the widest palate of digital cameras and digital accessories for the professional; photographer.
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