Thursday, September 12, 2024

Leica M11-D: Cutting Edge Digital with Analog Feel




By David Farkas, Leica Store Miami

Today, Leica has announced the Leica M11-D. Based on the latest M11-P digital rangefinder, the M11-D takes the analog aesthetic to a whole new level. With no LCD display and classic M styling, the camera could easily be mistaken for a film M. Sporting a matte black paint finish, white classic Leica engraved script on top, no red dot on the front and black leatherette covering, the M11-D looks subtle and classic.

The lack of a rear display on a digital M was first seen in the limited Leica M Edition 60, which commemorated 60 years of M photography in 2014. Due to popular demand, Leica rolled out the same concept in a regular production model, the M-D (Typ 262), less than two years later. And while the M-D 262 had the right idea, functionality was limited, with no way to adjust settings. Some users also felt that the M240-based body was still too thick to be a pure M. Then, in 2018, Leica introduced the M10-D, which addressed all the concerns of the M-D 262 and put forth the most analog-feeling digital camera ever made. And now, with the introduction of the M11-D, we're seeing huge generational improvements in technology and functionality.

Based on the M11-P, the M11-D gets some notable upgrades over the previous M10-D. While the M11-D body looks very similar from the outside, it clocks in 120g lighter than its predecessor thanks to the switch from brass to aluminum construction. Under the hood, the well-loved 24 megapixel CMOS sensor and Maestro II processor get bumped up to the latest 60 megapixel triple-resolution BSI CMOS sensor, speedy Maestro III and a 3GB buffer, offering shooting in 60, 36 or 18 megapixels, at up 5 fps. The only omission from the previous M10-D is the dummy shutter advance lever. Leica received mixed reactions to this adornment in the M10-D, as it was nice aesthetically, but served no function. So, it's been omitted on the M11-D. For those seeking to add some additional support, any M11-compatible thumb rest and or hand-grip will do the trick.

And just like the M11-P, the D variant includes 256GB of internal memory, UHS-II card support, the latest BP-SCL7 rechargeable battery, USB-C for high-speed data and charging, fast Wi-Fi, Bluetooth 4.2, electronic shutter, dark chrome viewfinder, and no removable bottom plate. Also notable is the inclusion of a dedicated hardware-based Leica Content Credentials encryption chip. Based on the framework described by the Content Authenticity Initiative (CAI) and the open technical standard of the Coalition for Content Provenance and Authenticity (C2PA), the authenticity of the pictures taken with the Leica M11-D can be verified at any time. Following the M11-P, this is the second camera to include this technology.

Replacing the rear LCD display, a large, easy-to-use ISO dial graces the back of the camera. Unlike the M11-P, the top ISO dial has been removed – the first camera to do so since the M10 was launched in 2017. The result is extremely clean. Other controls remain the same, though. There is still a top-mounted function button and rear clickable thumbwheel, allowing users to change a few camera settings in conjunction with the basic LCD display in the optical viewfinder. In normal shooting operation, the thumbwheel gives quick access to exposure compensation.

Even though the M11-D does away with the LCD screen, the camera does support the use of the Visoflex 2 EVF for those wanting the analog feel, but the convenience of live view. Best of both worlds. But, the EVF's role is limited to image capture with no support for playback or menu operation.

Like the previous M10-D, full camera setting menus can be accessed over WiFi using the Leica FOTOS app. Initial connection is extremely simply – just press and hold the FN button for five seconds with the app open and in pairing mode. As is the case with the entire range of Leica digital cameras, you can also use the M11-D in remote live view, as well as review and download images using the app, which is available for both iOS and Android.


Thoughts

The Leica M11-D is a camera for, shall we say, pragmatic purists. All the aesthetics and feel of an analog Leica M, with the flexibility, discreteness and image quality of an M11-P. The camera packs a technological punch but puts distractions aside for an uninterrupted shooting experience. Previous D variants have gained a cult-like following. We'd expect the same here.

Pricing and Availability

The Leica M11-D will start shipping in the next few weeks for a price of $9,395. As with most product launches of this kind, initial quantities will be small and availability is expected to be limited for a while. If you are interested in pre-ordering the new M11-D you can do so at Leica Store Miami by clicking the buttons below, calling 305-921-4433 or sending an email to info@leicastoremiami.com.


M11-D Compared with M10-D


Leica M11-D
Leica M10-D
Sensor60.3MP BSI CMOS24MP CMOS
ProcessorMaestro IIIMaestro II
ISO Range64 – 50,000100 – 50,000
Content CredentialsYes, via hardware chipNo
Fastest Shutter Speed1/16,000th sec1/4,000th sec
Longest Shutter Speed60 minutes125 seconds
Electronic ShutterYesNo
Buffer3GB, 15 DNG at 60.3MP, 30 at 36MP, ∞ at 18MP2GB, 16 DNG at 424MP
Internal Storage256GBNone
SD Card SpeedUHS-IIUHS-I
USB Charging & TetheringYes via USB-CNone
Battery Capacity1,800 mAh1,100 mAh
Weight539 grams660 grams
Digital ZoomYes: 1.3x & 1.8xNone
BluetoothYes, v4.2None
Electronic Live View StabilizationYesNo
Flip-Out Thumb RestNoYes

 
Tech Specs
Type no. 2221
Order No.20220
Camera typeDigital camera system with rangefinder
Lens mountLeica M bayonet with additional sensor for 6-bit encoding 
SensorBSI CMOS sensor, pixel pitch: 3.76 μm, 35 mm: 9528 x 6328 pixels (60.3 MP)
Sensor FilterRGB color filter, UV/IR filter, no low-pass filter
Image resolutionThe entire sensor surface will always be used irrespective of format and resolution. Digital Zoom 1.3x and 1.8x available (always based on L-DNG or L-JPG) 
ProcessorLeica Maestro series (Maestro III)
File formatsDNG (raw data, loss-free compression), DNG + JPG, JPG (DCF, Exif 2.30) 
DNGL-DNG 60.3 MP 9528 x 6328 pixels
M-DNG 36.5 MP 7416 x 4928 pixels
S-DNG 18.4 MP 5272 x 3498 pixels
JPGL-JPG 60.1 MP 9504 x 6320 pixels 
M-JPG 36.2 MP 7392 x 4896 pixels 
S-JPG 18.2 MP 5248 x 3472 pixels
File SizeDepending on resolution and picture content
DNGL-DNG approx. 70–120 MB 
M-DNG approx. 40–70 MB 
S-DNG approx. 20–40 MB 
JPGL-JPG approx. 15–30 MB 
L-JPG approx. 15–30 MB
S-JPG approx. 5–9 MB 
Color depthDNG: 14 Bit, JPG: 8 Bit 
Color spacesRGB in JPG
Buffer memory3 GB
Pictures in SeriesL-DNG: 15
M-DNG: 30
S-DNG: Unlimited
Storage MediumUHS-II (recommended), UHS-I, SD/SDHC/SDXC memory card (SDXC cards up to 2 TB) 
Internal Storage256GB Internal memory
ViewfinderLarge, bright-line rangefinder with automatic parallax compensation, suitable for -0.5 dpt; optional corrective lenses available: -3 to +3 dpt 
Viewfinder DisplayFour-digit digital display with items show on the top and bottom, Image field limiter: two lit frames: 35 mm + 135 mm, 28 mm + 90 mm, 50 mm + 75 mm (automatic switchover when lens is attached) 
Parallax compensationThe horizontal and vertical difference between viewfinder and lens is compensated automatically in line with the relevant focus setting. Congruence of viewfinder and actual image. The size of the bright-line frame matches the distance:
– at 2 m: the exact sensor size of approx. 23.9 x 35.8 mm
– at infinity: (depending on focal length) approx. 7.3% (28 mm) to 18% (135 mm) – less than 2 m: less than sensor size
Viewfinder magnificationx0.73 (all lenses) 
Large-base rangefinderSplit or superimposed image rangefinder shown as a bright field at the center of the viewfinder image
Focus range70 cm to ∞ 
Focus modeManual (focus assist functions Magnification and Focus Peaking available) 
LCD panelNone
Shutter typeElectronically controlled focal plane shutter and electronic shutter function 
Shutter speedsMech. shutter: 60 min to 1⁄4000 s
Electro. shutter function: 60 s to 1⁄16000 s
Flash Synch: up to 1⁄180 s
Optional noise reduction via additional “black picture” (can be disabled) 
Shutter buttonTwo-stage (1st stage: activation of the camera electronics including exposure metering and metering memory lock, 2nd stage: taking the picture) 
Self-timerDelay time: 2 s or 12 s 
Drive ModeSingle, Continuous – Low Speed (3 fps), Continuous – High Speed (4.5 fps), Interval Shooting, Exposure Bracketing 
Exposure meteringTTL (exposure metering through the lens) 
Metering principle Exposure metering is done by the image sensor for all exposure metering methods (in Live View mode and in rangefinder mode) 
Exposure metering modesSpot, Center-Weighted, Highlight-Weighted, Multi-Field
Exposure modesAperture priority mode (A): Automatic shutter speed control with manual aperture preselection, Manual (M): manual setting for shutter speed and aperture 
Exposure compensation ±3 EV in 1⁄3 EV increments 
Automatic bracketing 3 or 5 shots, graduations between shoots up to 3 EV, in 1⁄3 EV increments, additional optional exposure compensation: up to ±3 EV 
ISO sensitivity range Auto ISO: ISO 64 (native) to ISO 50,000, also available in flash mode
Manual: ISO 64 to ISO 50,000
White balance Automatic (Auto), Default (Daylight – 5200 K, Cloudy – 6100 K, Shadow – 6600 K, Tungsten – 2950 K, HMI – 5700 K, Fluorescent (warm)
– 3650 K, Fluorescent (cool) – 5800 K, Flash – 6600 K), manual metering (Gray card), manual color temperature setting
(Color Temperature, 2000 K to 11,500 K)
Flash sync time1⁄180s, slower shutter speeds available, automatic switchover to TTL linear flash mode with HSS-compatible Leica system flash units if sync time is undercut 
Flash exposure meteringUsing center-weighted TTL pre-flash metering with Leica flash units (SF 26, SF 40, SF 58, SF 60, SF 64) or with system-compatible flash units, remote controlled flash SF C1 
Flash exposure compensationSF 40: ±2 EV in 1⁄2 EV increments, SF 60: ±2 EV in 1⁄3 EV increments, Other: ±3 EV in 1⁄3 EV increments
Displays in flash mode (in the viewfinder only)Flash icon: Connection of an external flash unit 
InterfacesISO accessory shoe with additional control contacts for Leica flash units and Leica Visoflex 2 viewfinder (optional accessory) 
USB 3.1 Gen1 Typ-C (5 Gbs)
WLANThe Leica FOTOS app is required to use the WLAN function. The Leica app is available from the Apple App StoreTM or the Google Play StoreTM. 2.4 GHz/5 GHz* dual band IEEE802.11 a/b/g/n/ac Wave2 WLAN (standard WLAN protocol), encryption method: WLAN-compatible WPATM/WPA2TM, access method: infrastructure mode 
BluetoothBluetooth v4.2 BR/EDR/LE, BR/DR-channel 1-79, LE-channel 0-39 (2402–2480 MHz) 
GPSGeotagging via Leica FOTOS app using Bluetooth 
Rechargeable battery (Leica BP-SCL7) Li-Ion (Lithium-Polymer) rechargeable battery, rated voltage: 7.4 V / capacity: 1800 mAh, Charging voltage/current: DC 1000 mAh, 7.4 V, operating conditions: +10°C to +35°C (charging) / +0°C to +40°C (discharged) 
Battery LifeApprox. 700 shots (in accordance with CIPA Standard) up to approx. 1,700 shots (Leica adapted shooting cycle – rangefinder use only) 
USB Power supply When in standby mode or Off: USB charging function, When On: USB power supply and intermittent charging
Charger Leica BC-SCL7 (not included)Input: USB-C DC 5 V, 2A, output: DC 8.4 V, 1A, operating conditions: +10°C to +35°C, manufacturer: Dee Van Enterprises Co., Ltd., made in China
Switching adapter Leica ACA-SCL7  (not included)Input: AC 110 V – 240 V ~ 50/60 Hz, 0.3A, output: DC 5V, 2A, operating conditions: +10°C to +35°C, manufacturer: Dee Van Enterprises Co., Ltd., made in China
MaterialFull-metal housing made of magnesium and aluminum, leatherette cover
Operating temperature+0 to +40°C 
Tripod threadA 1⁄4 DIN 4503 (1⁄4”) with stainless steel in the base 
Dimensions 139 x 38.5 x 80mm 
Weight approx. 539 g/457g (with/without battery)
Scope of DeliveryM11-D camera, battery, USB-C cable, body cap, neck strap, quick start guide

Press Release

Introducing the new camera in the Leica M-System: Merging the classic charm of analog photography with cutting-edge digital workflow

Teaneck, September 12th, 2024. Experience the legendary craftsmanship of the Leica M- System, a symbol of unparalleled “Made in Germany” quality. Since its debut in 1954, the Leica rangefinder system has been the choice of the world’s finest photographers, renowned for its exceptional image quality, intuitive handling, and enduring value. The Leica M continues to honor its iconic design, staying true to the commitment of focusing on the essentials without compromise. The same holds true for the latest addition to the M11 family: the Leica M11-D. By omitting a display on the back, photography with the Leica M11- D focuses on the elementary aspects of pictorial design such as composition, aperture, shutter speed, and ISO. In place of the display, an easy to access ISO dial is showcased on the back of the camera. It offers exceptional customizability, modern connectivity and cutting-edge hardware-based authenticity technology, originally introduced into the camera market with the Leica M11-P as Leica Content Credentials. With its clean lines, matt black painted, scratch resistant surfaces and the absence of the red Leica logo, the new Leica M11-D embodies a sense of discreetness within the timeless Leica product design.

The Leica M11-D enables images with a resolution of either 60, 36 or 18 MP. With a cache of 3 GB, continuous shooting of up to 5 pictures per second with 60 MP is possible. The internal memory of 256 GB provides ample space for one’s images. In addition, the powerful battery makes sure that the Leica M11-D is always ready at the crucial moment. The new member of the particularly compact full-frame system lies comfortably in the hand. With just 19.05 ounces (incl. battery), it undercuts its predecessor by 4 ounces.

The Leica M11-D is extremely convenient to use and adapts to personal preferences thanks to customizable function key assignment. As a M-Camera, the Leica M11-D also offers access to Leica M fixed focal lengths introduced since 1954. Paired with the full-frame BSI CMOS sensor featuring Triple Resolution Technology, which has been specifically designed for the Leica M11 family, and an ISO range from native ISO 64 to ISO 50,000, the Leica M11-D delivers stunning images with impressive noise performance, even in low light.

While the Leica M11-D brings the analog experience into the digital realm, it does not limit itself to just that. The new M-Camera offers seamless connectivity via Bluetooth and direct USB-C cable connection. As a certified “Made for iPhone® and iPad®” product, it provides an exceptionally fast and easy connection to iOS devices.

Furthermore, settings can be made with the Leica FOTOS app on the smartphone. This connection facilitates easy photo transfers, remote control and geotagging. Additionally, you can review and evaluate images in the Leica FOTOS app on iOS or Android devices independently of the camera. The app also allows for adjustments such as the white balance and the choice between DNG and JPEG file formats. Once saved in the Leica FOTOS app, these settings are permanently adopted by the Leica M11-D, allowing you to customize the camera to meet your specific needs.

Thanks to its dedicated hardware-based Leica Content Credentials technology, the new Leica M11-D helps to protect the authenticity of digital images. The technology is based on the framework described by the Content Authenticity Initiative (CAI) and the open technical standard of the Coalition for Content Provenance and Authenticity (C2PA). Thus, the authenticity of the pictures taken with the Leica M11-D can be verified at any time using a freely available tool or through https://contentcredentials.org/verify.

Alongside the new Leica M11-D, two matching high-quality leather accessories are available. One is a black protector, specifically designed for the Leica M11-D with a cutout for the mechanical ISO dial on the camera's back. The other is a carrying strap available in black and cognac, crafted from a single piece of leather, suitable for all M-Series cameras.

Looking toward the future, Leica is revamping its packaging, launching a new packaging concept for Leica products with the Leica M11-D. Produced in Germany, the newly designed boxes are crafted almost entirely from natural paper.

The Leica M11-D will be available globally at all Leica Stores and authorized dealers starting now. The retail price is $9,395.

Wednesday, September 11, 2024

RARE EARTH RADIOACTIVE GLASS LENSES MADE BY LEITZ/LEICA


Leica KE-7A with 50mm f/2 Elcan

Leica lenses are known for their quality, state-of-the-art technology and design. To achieve desired results, Leica optical designers have gone radioactive in the past!

In this piece, published by the International Leica Society, Jason Schneider breaks down the quirky history behind rare earth glass Leica lenses. These lenses incorporated elements made of thorium and lanthanum glass because of their unique optical properties. Both materials emit radiation that can be measured with a Geiger counter.

Take a step back into Leica's history and learn more about the design and background of these legendary lenses.





RARE EARTH GLASS LEICA LENSES: A QUICK AND QUIRKY OVERVIEW

By Jason Schneider

Yes, they were (and still are!) literally radioactive, but they incorporated elements made of thorium and lanthanum glass because of their unique optical properties

By the late 1940s, the management at Leica knew they needed to come up with a superlative successor to the well-respected 50mm f/2 Summitar that had been designed by the legendary Max Berek in 1937 and had been in production since 1939. By that time, they were diligently working on a stunning new Leica camera that was to become the landmark Leica M3 of 1954, and their goal was to grace it with the finest, most advanced 50mm f/2 lens the world had ever seen.

The assignment fell to Gustav Kleinberg and Otto Zimmermann, two of the most brilliant optical designers at E. Leitz Wetzlar and close associates of Berek, who passed away in October 1949. To create what became the Summicron, a 7-element, a 4-group masterpiece with elements having shallower curves than those in the Summitar, they needed to use glass that provided a very high refractive index (light-bending power), along with very low dispersion (the differences in light-bending angles for various wavelengths of light.) The classic measure of the optical dispersion of a glass is its Abbe number; the higher the number, the narrower the dispersion spectrum, and the easier it is to control chromatic aberrations, etc. 

At the time, the only way to achieve glass that provided a very high refractive index and a high Abbe number was to incorporate a “rare earth,” thorium oxide or lanthanum oxide, into the glass itself. Both materials emit radiation that can be measured with a Geiger counter, but thorium is significantly more radioactive than lanthanum because a much larger percentage of it consists of an unstable isotope. The eventual plan was to use a special Krown Lanthanum glass (later licensed to Schott Glass Works as LaK9) that was formulated by Broemer and Meinart in Wetzlar’s renowned glass division. But LaK9 glass wasn’t available until late 1952, and even then only in limited quantities.





The interim solution: the very first batch of  “stealth” 50mm f/2 Leitz Summicrons, identifiable by having a star (asterisk) engraved after the word Summitar on their identification rings, and early examples of the correctly labeled collapsible Summicron dating from late 1951 to 1952, used thorium glass supplied by Chance Brothers  & Co, Ltd. of West Smethwick, England! For the record, thorium (aka Torio) glass was used for elements 1, 3, 6, and 7. These lenses are the unique and collectible “radioactive Summicrons” of lore and legend that tend to acquire a yellowish-brownish cast over time that can be eliminated by extended exposure to UV (that is, sunlight.) According to those who’ve shot with a wider variety of 50mm f/2 Summicrons than I, the earliest Summicrons and the very rare Star Summitar are quite good but not stupendous in terms of image quality. Later iterations of the classic 7-element 50mm Summicron (serial numbers 993,000-1.030,000) that employ lanthanum (LaK9) glass provide noticeably better imaging performance, especially wide open. However, this and subsequent improvements were the results of tweaks in the optical design, not the type of glass used. The great Walter Mandler, then chief optical designer at Leitz, was responsible for many of these optical upgrades, including the design of the 6-element, 5-group, and 6-element 4-group 50mm f/2 Summicrons, both of which incorporated other types of lanthanum glass.

  

 





The 50mm f/2.8 Elmar: Lanthanum glass gains 2/3 of a stop

While analyzing the possibility of developing a new, faster 50mm Elmar lens back in the ‘50s, the Wizards of Wetzlar determined using then state-of-the-art computer-aided design (CAD) that the latest Red Dial version of the classic 4-element, 3-group 50mm f/3.5 Elmar would be difficult to improve upon at a maximum aperture of f/3.5. However, if they wanted to increase its maximum aperture by 2/3 of a stop to f/2.8 and maintain its legendary image quality, they needed to use lanthanum glass. Indeed, LaK9 glass is employed in the first and last elements of the original 50mm f/2.8 Elmar of 1957-1974, which was made in screw and M mounts. Optical performance was further improved in the 50mm f/2.8 Leica-M of 1994-2007, but to the dismay or bokeh aficionados, this version had a 6-bladed instead of a 15-bladed diaphragm. The 50mm f/2.8 Elmar enjoyed a brief spate of popularity as the standard lens supplied on Leica IIIg outfits (1957-1960) but it was produced in fairly limited quantities despite its 50-year production run (there was a total of 17,461 assigned serial numbers from 1994 to 2005.)  It’s a not stellar performer wide open, especially at the edges of the field, but it’s extremely sharp overall at moderate apertures and has lovely natural rendition and beautiful bokeh.

Oh, Canada! The exquisite limited-production Elcan lenses

The fabled Leica KE-7A was made in Leica’s Midland, Ontario, Canada factory in 1972 and 1973. Its basically a black finished military version of the Leica M4 that’s been specially sealed against dust and dirt, has a winterized shutter, and the bottom plate seamed with extreme glue that enhances its tightness, the legend “CAMERA STILL PICTURE KE-7A” engraved on its top. Originally made for the U.S. military, a small number (55 body-lens outfits) were sold to the public found and their way to civilian collectors. Others had the military I.D. number on the back scratched off when the camera was decommissioned. A total of only 550 bodies were ever made so any Leica KE-7A is a rare bird indeed.


The standard KE-7A outfit included the rare 50mm f/2 Elcan (which stands for E. Leitz, Canada) lens, a unique formula consisting of 4 non-cemented, air-spaced elements designed to withstand the rigors of extreme weather and service in active combat zones. The lens, which was designed by Gary Edwards, Walter Mandler, and Erich Wagner, had a 10-bladed diaphragm providing apertures of f/2-f/16, and it focused down to 30 inches. It was constructed of anodized aluminum, and incorporated lanthanum infrared-absorbing glass and high refractive index optical glass, so, like the lenses above it emits radiation. Regrettably, I have never shot with one of these gems, but it’s reputed to be a superb lens capable of outstanding image quality even at maximum aperture—which demonstrates what you can achieve with custom designed, bench assembled optics and mil-spec quality control.

There was a slew of additional super-rare, limited-production Elcan lenses made in M- and R-mounts and designed for the military during the Cold War era. All were designed by or with the input of Walter Mandler, all evidently incorporated lanthanum glass, and all delivered astonishing performance according to those who’ve used them. The 66mm f/2 Leica Elcan was an ultra-high-resolution M-mount lens for the KE-7A reportedly ordered by U.S. Navy and also used by NATO. I haven’t been able to come up with a diagram, but it evidently had 9 elements, a minimum focusing distance of one meter, and took E39 filters. In addition to the 50mm and 66mm f/2 Leica Elcans, Leitz Canada also created a 90mm f/1.0 Elcan, which must have been a pretty hefty handful, and three ultra-high-resolution R-mount lenses for Leica SLRs.  This latter trio consists of the75mm f/2 Elcan-R, 180mm f/3.4 Elcan-R, and the 450mm f/5.6 Elcan-R. These lenses were probably not equaled, much less surpassed until the recent Leica lens designs spearheaded by Peter Karbe.

Perhaps the best way to conclude this fun exploration is to quote from the cogent comments Phil Forrest posted on the Rangefinder Forum on 8/8/17 Here’s a lightly edited, somewhat condensed version:

“The optical properties of old classic lenses won’t likely be replicated in the near future or ever, for that matter. Lead, Lanthanum and Thorium glass production were halted as of 2001. For example, the 38mm (Zeiss) Biogon in the (Hasselblad) SWC underwent a slight formulation change due to the new glass restrictions. Most of the heavy metal glasses were phased out in the late 70s and 80s due to environmental and workplace hazards. So, there’s one reason.

But as far as Leica goes, they have staked their claim into the digital realm. They can’t reissue older designs due to the restrictions of the digital sensors and the very short lens registration, 27.8mm…. Leica (is) designing the nodal point of their new fleet of lenses farther forward so the light rays are more perpendicular to the sensor….  you can’t use (many superb classic lenses) on what Leica sees as their future, without workarounds and image compromise. A 66mm f/2 Elcan could certainly be done but it was a special, rare, niche lens, which never was intended for use by the general population. Design, ray-tracing, tooling, sourcing glass, all would be very expensive, and the sales wouldn’t pay for the investment.”

For the complete article by Jason Schneider go here:

For more information about LHSA, the International Leica Society go here:

Our sincere thanks to Jason Schneider and the International Leica society for allowing us to reprint this article.


For other articles on this blog please click on Blog Archive in the column to the right

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