I came across a rather
interesting publication called “The Brander.”
According to their ‘About us’ information, “A steady flow of new stories
about brands and their creators, generated by renowned journalists and high-end
photography - that is "The Brander". The independent publication of
Zurich’s branding agency Branders portrays big, small and exclusive brands from
all over the world. Feedback? Yes, please.” www.thebrander.com
The article caught my eye and
I received authorization to republish it here.
The article was written by Franziska Klün with photographs by Henning
Bock, translated by Tessa Pfenninger.
Even though their visit was still to the old location in Solms, it still
conveys a very good picture of how Leicas are made.
Mr. Bock's photographs appear
at the end of the article.
Dr. Kaufmann in the lobby of Leica AG in Solms
Once a revolutionary and a
Waldorf school teacher, now an entrepreneur and a cowboy: Andreas Kaufmann
saved iconic photography brand Leica from going under.Almost ten years ago,
Kaufmann, having come into a significant inheritance, jumped in to save the legendary
camera manufacturer from bankruptcy after the company failed to make the
transition to the digital era. Today, Leica is on expansion course again.
Situated roughly in the
middle of the state of Hessen, about an hour away from Frankfurt am Main, lies
an unremarkable town called Solms, the seat of the company where the stuff of
photographers’ dreams is still being made. One hundred years ago, Leica
invented the first small-format 35mm camera, thereby revolutionizing the world
of photography. Since the 1980s, the company has been manufacturing its
high-tech products in these plain, flat-roofed premises with corrugated facades
in Solms. Cameras that Magnum photographer René Burri once described as the
most magnificent shooting equipment in the world. Despite delivery periods of
up to 12 months for one of these iconic devices "Made in Germany,"
the waiting list boasts such names as Elizabeth II and Brad Pitt.
To date, however, visitors
are still greeted at Leica with the words: "Please don't be alarmed."
Conditions inside the building are a lot more primitive than might be expected.
The reception area with its over-dimensional silver-colored Leica and shiny
showcases lives up to its representative task, but once you pass through, it is
like traveling back at least two decades in a time warp. Empty vending machines
from a previous era stand about in harshly lit corridors. Through glass
sectioning, employees can be seen working in crowded conditions. Wearing white
lab coats, they sit bent over lenses and cameras. This is where the famous
devices are made, with a single camera potentially costing as much a brand new
VW Golf.
Back to the roots
Soon, however, the workforce
will be leaving Solm with its cramped conditions and depressing corridors. A
new production site is being built in Wetzlar, only ten kilometers away. Next
year, one department after the other, a total of 1,500 employees, will be
relocated to the large production complex in Wetzlar, back to where it all
began. Wetzlar is where, in 1913, Oskar Barnack, the head of development,
invented the small-format 35mm camera and helped the company, named Leitz in
those days, achieve global fame.
Leading the way back to this
hallowed location is 60-year-old Andreas Kaufmann, who is so busy he doesn't
even have an office in Solms. He lives in Salzburg, Austria, and is always on
the go, which is why arranging a meeting with him here in Solms can easily take
up to six months. Kaufmann is Chairman of the Board of Directors at Leica and
currently owns 55% of the company. In 2004, when he bought into the company, it
was teetering on the edge of bankruptcy. Asked about this period, Kaufmann
says: "I reached a point in life where I asked myself: Do I want to remain
a teacher forever, or should I start doing something with the legacy I was
entrusted with?"
First revolutionize the
world, then save Leica
In his previous life, before
Kaufmann rescued this important protagonist of photographic history from ruin,
he says his main objective in life was to revolutionize the world. In his
student days, Kaufmann studied political science, economics and literature, and
wore his hair long. He continued dabbling in politics and was present at the
founding of the Grüne Partei (The Greens), a green political party founded in
the early 1980s in West Germany. He also taught at a Waldorf school for 15
years.
Kaufmann and his two brothers
were left a large inheritance by their aunt. While nobody knows the exact
figures, the inheritance was large enough for the brothers to form a holding
called ACM with the purpose of becoming stakeholders in undercapitalized German
companies, prioritizing those that manufactured in Germany. Leica numbered
among those companies.
To be sure, Leica’s problems
were entirely self-inflicted. Right until the Kaufmann brothers became
stakeholders in 2004, the company managers in Hessen believed that the
digitalization of the camera industry was a passing phase they could ride out.
Despite having some revolutionary ideas in their portfolio that might have saved
them, Leica completely failed to make the transition to digitalization until
the year 2006. Under Andreas Kaufmann's aegis, and at a time when cell phones
featuring integrated cameras were already quite common, Leica introduced its
first digital camera. It took three long years before the turnaround could be
declared successful: Since 2009 Leica has been operating in the black. At
present, their turnover has achieved almost 300 million euros and some 140,000
cameras leave the manufacturing location in Solms annually. A long and winding
road: Apparently Kaufmann’s brothers soon found the road too rocky, and in 2005
they sold their shares. Something Kaufmann doesn't comment on. In retrospect,
some say the first phase was sheer madness or a kamikaze mission. Kaufmann
himself says: "It was an act of faith."
He believed in Leica, because
he believed in the people behind Leica. He says: “What the skeptics didn't see
at the time was that we were dealing with highly qualified, extremely committed
people who would really be able to achieve something if they were given the
opportunity to do so." Kaufmann provided another massive cash injection.
At one point he owned 96.5% of the company. Wasn't he ever worried he would end
up losing everything?
I'm not afraid to live. Our
destiny is in God's hands, so you might as well have a little faith and stop
worrying.
And he certainly appears to
be very laid-back: Wearing a loosely fitting suit and dark glasses, he exudes
high spirits. People who know Kaufmann well say he gives himself no airs and
that he is an extremely genuine person. Even under pressure, like on this
autumn afternoon, after having traveled long and far by car and plane, with
lots of delays, nothing is too much trouble for him. Would you mind answering
our questions while you're being photographed, is that okay with you, Mr.
Kaufmann? – Sure, no problem, he says, and smiles. He replies in lucid,
well-turned phrases and follows the photographer's instructions cheerfully. And
despite being pressed for time, he asks some questions about the lenses in use.
After all, Kaufmann is a passionate amateur photographer.
When asked about the
inheritance his aunt left to him and his brothers, he tells us how they were
prepared for it from an early age. "We were raised very frugally. That had
a strong impact on how we view money." They received 5 euros pocket money
that was all. "People who don't maintain an especially costly standard of
living take risks more easily. After all, if things go wrong, you're still alive.
So really, money is only a means to an end, a facilitating instrument for my
interests." Kaufmann also feels that getting up every morning in order to
fight another round to keep Leica on the successful path of the past few years
is in part for his aunt.
The capital I inherited was
never intended to be spent on consumer goods. It was always clear that it
should be invested in business, should be handled in a responsible manner.
Can Kaufmann imagine a life
today without Leica, without working? "In our family we say: Cowboys die
in their boots." To him, Leica is a long-term project that he will never
tire of. In any case, lazing at the Côte d'Azur is not his idea of fun; working
makes him much happier. "Retirement is not for me." And then it's
time for him to leave again, back to Frankfurt where he has a pressing dinner
engagement. With a final cheery smile, he gets into his car and drives off.
I have mentioned on several
occasions that one reason for the superior quality of Leica equipment is the
fact that it is mostly hand made. The
Leica bench made process is totally without any assembly line work. This allows for the various assembly steps to
be accompanied by immediate checks and rechecks, something that is impossible
to do with assembly line work. The
pictures in the Branders article clearly show the total absence of any assembly
line, that the equipment is totally hand assembled on individual desks in clean
rooms throughout the factory.
From my own visits to the
factory I can attest that quality and quality control during each step in the
manufacture and assembly of Leica cameras and lenses is paramount at
Leica. No part, assembly or sub assembly
will ever go to the next step in the production unless they met the rather high
quality standards set by Leica. That,
combined with tolerances much tighter than those applied by other camera and
lens manufacturers assure the superior quality of anything with the Leica name.
For the original article go here.
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It looks very inefficient and time consuming the way these cameras are being made.
ReplyDeleteTime consuming - definitely. Inefficient - compared to what? Compared to mass production on assembly lines, yes. It is simply a case of a different philosophy at Leica, one that assures that their equipment is as good as possible. That cannot be done with mass production. subsequently, the two cannot be compared. However compared to other companies with the same philosophy, Leica is as efficient as the best of them.
DeleteWouldn't Leica be able to sell more equipment at lower prices if they were to change to different production methods? Their way of doing things seems to be rather outdated.
ReplyDeleteYes, but then the Leica would also lose its soul, it would diminish to nothing more than a camera among cameras. The one aspect of Leica cameras that has always set them apart from the competition is the overall quality, quality that can only be achieved with the much tighter tolerances and production methods they apply. Mass production simply is incapable of that. In view of that, their way of doing things certainly is far from being outdated. For instance, their method of making aspherical lens elements is the most advanced in the industry, giving Leica the most experience in this field. In order to increase production, they contacted several lens manufacturers to make aspherical lens elements for them, including Schneider Kreuznach in Germany. They all declined because it was beyond their scope to maintain the tolerances specifies by Leica.
DeleteI read a while ago a comment that Leica does not make any cameras in Germany, that the majority are either made in Japan or in Portugal. From these pictures it sure seems that they are quite busy making cameras in Germany.
ReplyDeleteI can assure you that Leicas are definitely made in Germany. I have seen it on several occasions during visits to Leica. Comments like the one you read usually come from the typical Leica haters that don't miss any opportunity to disparage Leica. If they have nothing factual to say, which rarely is the case, then they simply make something up.
DeleteIt must be a bitch having to constantly downtalk Leica just to make their own stuff look better.
DeleteGood article and pictures, by the way.
I find it interesting that these individuals insinuate that Leicas made in places other than Germany are somehow inferior. The fact that most of their cameras are made in a lot of countries other than Japan apparently doesn't enter the discussion.
DeleteI fully agree. Leica equipment that was made in their former facility in Midland, Ontario was quite regularly questioned as to their quality being equal to Leica's German products. This somehow implies that German people for some strange reason are capable of performing quality tasks that others are incapable of. It is not the person working on the camera or a lens, it is the quality standards set by the company that makes the difference. If these standards are adhered to in Germany or some other place on the planet is of no consequence. The fact is that Leica simply has higher standards than their competition.
DeleteAre you saying that not all Leica equipment is made in Germany?
DeleteThat is common knowledge. For instance, most of the compact Leica cameras are made in Japan, as are some of their lenses. But all is made to their specifications and all this equipment has to pass Leicas final perfomance test before it is distributed. We also must not forget that Leica has a manufacturing plant in Portugal. Most of their binoculars are made there, and some subassemblies. But again, what difference does it make?
DeleteGreat article about a great company.
ReplyDeleteI shoot both Canon and Leica. The Canon is technically speaking a "better" camera. It has more resolution, more features, more dynamic range. More light sensitivity. The list is endless of what is has more of. What makes Leica great is that they understand that less is more.
And then there are the Leica lenses...
Delete