Leica has always had a
very high reputation for making some of the fastest lenses on the market. The current 50mm f/0.95 Noctilux is the
fastest, full frame aspheric production lens available from any manufacturer. But not only is it very fast, it is also an
amazingly well performing lens, even wide open.
The performance at f/0.95 combined with some of the high ISO setting
available on the Leica M and new M-P, allows the photographer to shoot under
available light conditions that were impossible to take advantage of in the
past.
Noctilux 50mm f/0.95
The Noctilux f/0.95
replaced the famous Noctilus f/1 which was first introduced in 1975. It too was an amazingly well performing lens,
including the f/1 aperture, and many owners of this lens can consider
themselves very lucky indeed. The
Noctily f/1 was one of the crowning achievements of Dr. Mandler, chief lens
designer of Leica in the 70s and 80s. He
set out to design a replacement of the original Noctilux 50mm f/1.2 that was
not only 50 percent faster but also better in overall performance, all without
the aid of aspheric elements. He
succeeded to do so, but not until the Leitz glass laboratory was able to
develop a glass that enabled the production of the lens. To my knowledge, this glass is still of the
highest refracting index ever produced and used in actual lens production. The refracting index was a previously thought
of as unattainable ne 1.9005.
Noctilux 50mm f/1
The predecessor of this
lens was the original Noctilux 50mm f/1.2.
Introduced in 1966, it was the first production lens with aspheric lens
surfaces. At that time, this was an
incredibly complicated process that required a fair amount of hand grinding of
the elements. Subsequently the lens was
priced accordingly. Even by today’s
standards the lens was an incredible performer.
Noctilux 50mm f/1.2
But the Noctilux line of
lenses are not the only extremely fast lenses ever made by Leitz. There were several others which have come and
gone. These were mostly special application
lenses that had only limited use for general photography.
One such lens was the
ELCAN 90mm f/1. ELCAN was the trade name
for Ernst Leitz Canada, the Canadian branch established by Leitz in 1952 in
Midland, Ontario. The lens was made for
the US Air Force as a special night photography application lens. Since focusing is very critical at that wide
an aperture, and since the lens blocked most of the viewfinder because of its
massive size, the lens had no focusing mount.
Instead it came with three focus rings, engraved 50 meters, 100 meters
and infinity.
ELCAN 90mm f/1 with the
infinity focus ring installed and the
50 meter and 100 meter
focus rings in the foreground
But there were lenses with
even higher speeds like the Leitz-IR 150mm f/0.85 and the Leitz Summar 75mm
f/0.85. Very little is known about these
two lenses. Apparently the 75mm f/0.85
Summar was used for x-ray photography while the 150mm f/0.85, considering the
IR designation, appears to have been used specifically for infrared
photography.
Leitz 15cm (150mm) f/0.85
Leitz 7.5 cm (75mm) f/0.85
Finally, the two Leica
speed champs were a 65mm f/0.75 and a 50mm f/0.75 lens. Both appear to have been designed
specifically for x-ray photography. But
I have seen regular color photographs made with one of them which looked quite
interesting. They were mostly close ups
of flowers, taken wide open. Needless to
say, the depth of field was extremely shallow.
Yet the in-focus areas actually looked quite good.
ELCAN 65mm f/0.75
Thus we reached the end of
this excursion into the world of super fast Leica lenses. It is doubtful that we will ever see anything
faster than the Noctilux 50mm f/0.95 in the future. With the ever increasing high ISO
capabilities of modern digital cameras, the need for any such lenses is
diminishing quickly. So, if you are
interested, get what you can now.
Tomorrow might be too late.
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Have there been any lenses faster than these Leica lenses?
ReplyDeleteWhat is a Schmidt mirror lens?
DeleteI am not quite sure what this is referring to either. The basic Schmidt design is a telescope (or lens) with a spherical mirror on one end and an aspherical corrector lens in the front. The focal point or film plane is inside the lens between the mirror and the corrector lens. I think what the listing is referring to is a Schmidt Cassegrain design. This is essentially the design that all mirror lenses for cameras use. Here too we have usually a spherical mirror in the back with an aspherical corrector lens in the front. Inside is a secondary, convex mirror that reflects the light back towards a hole in the center of the main mirror to the focal plane outside the lens, in back of the main mirror. In some designs the secondary mirror is attached to the center of the corrector lens. This allows the lens to incorporate a solid glass interior. Vivitar several years ago sold a solid glass mirror lens of such a design. The advantage of a solid glass mirror lens lies in the fact that the two mirrors and the corrector lens cannot get out of alignment and are therefore more reliable in the long run.
DeleteVery interesting and informative. I am one of the lucky ones with a Nocaloux 50mm F1. I used it on my M6 in many dark places around the world
ReplyDeleteYou are lucky indeed.
DeleteMore amazing than the fact that the correct f/0.95 Noctilux performs well wide-open, is that it also performs well at small and medium apertures and at all distances. Other than the weight and 1 meter minimum focus distance, it has very few disadvantages over the slower Summilux.
ReplyDeleteThe performance of the Noctilux 50mm f/0.95 stopped down is not surprising. Large aperture lenses do present the problems of increased aberrations which are easier to control with smaller apertures or by stopping down. The Noctilux was designed from the onset as a well performing lens, even at its maximum aperture. The amazing fact is that there is little improvement in performance when the lens is used at smaller apertures. The absence of performance differences at different distances is due to the fact that the lens uses a floating element group which compensates for these differences that do regularly occur with conventional lens designs.
ReplyDeleteTuan Hassy wrote:
ReplyDeleteGreat share. Thanks!
蔣俊桓 wrote:
ReplyDeletewooooooow ..........0.95 .............top f......
Martina R Rocky wrote:
ReplyDeleteWhat.s about the combination Leica SL and Noctilux? Did anyone has excellent experiences?
It won't make much of a difference. You still have to focus manually with the biggest difference being focusing with an electronic viewfinder instead of rangefinder focusing.
Delete